Ithuluzi I-Dracut Imaphakathi kokunye kokuvela okuhlobene kakhulu kokuqala kwesistimu Ubuntu 25.10Kulesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi iyini i-Dracut, kungani ibalulekile, nokuthi inamiphi imiphumela yangempela kubo bobabili abasebenzisi bedeskithophu nabaphathi besistimu.
Endaweni ye-Ubuntu, lapho sivula ikhompuyutha, kwenziwa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezigcina zilayisha uhlelo oluphelele lokusebenza. I-Dracut uyangenelela kulezo zikhathi zokuqala ezibucayi: yakha isithombe sokuqalisa (ama-initramfsLesi yingxenye esetshenziswa i-kernel yesistimu ukufinyelela abashayeli, ukuthola amadrayivu, nokukhweza uhlelo lwefayela lempande. Ngokufika kwe-Ubuntu 25.10, le ngxenye ithathelwe indawo ngokuzenzakalelayo, okumaka ushintsho olunzulu lobuchwepheshe, nakuba ulwazi lomsebenzisi lungabonakali.
Iyini i-Dracut?
I-Dracut Ijeneretha ye ama-initramfs esebenza njengohlaka oluyimojuli lokudala isithombe se-Linux kernel boot. ama-initramfs (uhlelo lwefayela lokuqala lwe-RAM) luwuhlelo lwefayela lwesikhashana oluqala ngaphambi kwesistimu yangempela futhi lusetshenziselwa ukulayisha abashayeli, ukukhweza uhlelo lwefayela nokulungisa indawo ukuze uhlelo oluyinhloko luqale.
Inhloso ye-Dracut iwukuba esikhundleni semibhalo emikhulu, engashintshi yamathuluzi amadala (isibonelo, i-initramfs-amathuluzi ku-Debian/Ubuntu) ngendlela ye-modular esebenzisa isistimu yedivayisi udev ukuthola ihadiwe ngamandla futhi ufake kuphela lokho okudingekayo ekuqaliseni. Lokhu kunciphisa ukucabanga okungaguquki futhi kuthuthukisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. ama-initramfs ezindaweni ezihlukene (izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha, amadivaysi okugcina, i-RAID, ukubethela, ukwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, njll.).
Ngakho-ke, i-Dracut ayiyona nje ithuluzi, kodwa i-paradigm shift endleleni isigaba sokuqala senqubo ye-boot system yokusebenza esakhiwe ngayo.
Kungani i-Ubuntu 25.10 yamukele i-Dracut?
Lesi sinqumo asizange sizenzekele. Ubuntu busebenzise lokhu iminyaka. i-initramfs-amathuluzi njengethuluzi layo elizenzakalelayo lokukhiqiza isithombe sokuqalisa. Kodwa emjikelezweni wokuthuthukiswa we-Ubuntu 25.10 (“Questing Quokka”), kwanqunywa ukuthi kushintshelwe ku-Dracut njengokuzenzakalelayo kwenguqulo yedeskithophu.
- Ukunakekela kanye ne-modularity: I-Dracut inokulungiswa okusebenzayo kanye nomklamo wemojuli eyenza kube lula ukufaka noma ukukhipha izingxenye ngaphandle kwesidingo semibhalo emikhulu yangokwezifiso.
- Ukusekelwa okungcono kwehadiwe yesimanje: Ngobuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-NVMe-oF, ukubethela, isitoreji esiqondile, nokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, i-Dracut inokusekelwa okungcono kunamathuluzi amadala.
- Ukuhambisana ne-systemd nokunye ukusatshalaliswa: Ukusabalalisa okuningi kwesimanje kakade kusebenzisa i-Dracut; U-Ubuntu uthatha le ndlela ukuze uvumelanise inqubo yabo yokuqalisa nalowo mkhuba.
- Ukulungiselela inguqulo ye-LTS yesikhathi esizayo: Ukwamukela i-Dracut ku-25.10 kukuvumela ukuthi uthole impendulo ngaphambi kwenguqulo engu-26.04 LTS futhi kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.
Ngakho-ke, nakuba abasebenzisi bokugcina bengase bangaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko ezisobala ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke, ngemuva kwezigcawu kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu okuqinisa i-Ubuntu technical ecosystem.
Yiziphi izinguquko kubasebenzisi nabalawuli?
Okomsebenzisi ojwayelekile
Ezimweni eziningi, ukushintshela ku-Dracut kufanele kungabi nazihibe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uvula ikhompuyutha yakho, ungena, noma usebenzisa isistimu njengenjwayelo, akufanele ulindele noma yimuphi umehluko obonakalayo. Okwenzeka nsuku zonke kuzohlala kungashintshile.
Okwabalawuli nezinye izindawo zobuchwepheshe
- Ukuqala okuthembekile nokusheshayo: I-Dracut ikhiqiza izithombe ezilula ezijwayeleke kangcono kuhadiwe, okungaholela ezikhathini zokuqalisa ngokushesha.
- Usekelo lwesimanje: Inikeza ukuhlanganiswa okunamandla ngokubethela, i-RAID, i-NVMe, kanye nokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo.
- Ukusebenzisana: Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi kuwo wonke ama-distributions kwenza kube lula ukwabelana ngamamojula nokucushwa.
- Personalización: Ikuvumela ukuthi uchaze amamojula wangokwezifiso nemibhalo yezindawo ezithile.
- Ukuhambisana: Amanye amasistimu anokulungiselelwa okudala i-initramfs-amathuluzi Bangase badinge ukubuyekezwa.
Kungani ukufakwa kwe-Dracut ku-Ubuntu ecosystem kunendaba?
- Ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kokuqala: Buyekeza isisekelo senqubo yokuqalisa isistimu, usiqondanise namazinga amanje.
- Ukuhambelana Kwekusasa: Isiza ukufakwa kwehadiwe entsha nobuchwepheshe bokuphepha.
- Umthwalo wokulungisa ophansi: Yehlisa isidingo semibhalo yangokwezifiso futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yesistimu.
- Indlela eya ku-LTS: Ushintsho lwangaphambili luqinisekisa inguqulo eqinile futhi ezinzile engu-26.04.
- Inzuzo yokuncintisana: Iqinisekisa kabusha isikhundla sika-Ubuntu njengokusabalalisa kobufakazi besimanje kanye nekusasa.
Yini okufanele bayenze abasebenzisi ababuyekezayo?
- Qinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu anombhalo oyimfihlo, i-RAID, noma i-NVMe asebenza kahle ngemva kokuthuthukiswa.
- Hlola ukuthi izilungiselelo ngokwezifiso ze ama-initramfs Ziboniswa ku-Dracut.
- Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ngaphambi kokuthuthukela ku-Ubuntu 25.10.
- Buyekeza amadokhumenti noma imibhalo encike kuyo i-initramfs-amathuluzi.
- Faka isandla emphakathini ngokuthumela amazwana nemibiko yeziphazamisi.
Isiphetho
I-Dracut Lokhu kumelela ushintsho olukhulu, nokho luthulile, ku-Ubuntu 25.10 boot architecture. Nakuba abasebenzisi abaningi bengeke bakuqaphele, ngemuva kwezigcawu kuwukuguquguquka okuthuthukisa imodularity, ukuhambisana nehadiwe yesimanje, nokugcinwa kwesistimu. Kubalawuli, iyithuluzi eliguquguqukayo nelesimanjemanje, futhi kubasebenzisi bokugcina, inqubo yokuqalisa ethembeke kakhulu nenobufakazi besikhathi esizayo.
Ekugcineni, i-Dracut ibalulekile ngoba iqinisa isisekelo lapho Ubuntu elele khona, ivula indlela yesistimu yesimanjemanje, ezinzile, futhi esebenza kahle.